The s-block elements are the elements found in the first two groups (Group 1 and Group 2) of the periodic table, as well as hydrogen and helium. These elements have their valence electrons in the s-orbital. The s-block elements are typically known for being highly reactive, especially the alkali metals, and they have various applications in everyday life. Here’s a breakdown of the elements in the s-block:
Group 1: Alkali Metals
The alkali metals are highly reactive and are typically found in nature in compound form rather than in their pure state. They have one valence electron, which makes them highly reactive, particularly with water.
- Hydrogen (H)
- Lithium (Li)
- Sodium (Na)
- Potassium (K)
- Rubidium (Rb)
- Cesium (Cs)
- Francium (Fr)
Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
The alkaline earth metals are somewhat less reactive than alkali metals, but they still form strong bases (alkalies) when combined with water. These elements have two valence electrons.
- Beryllium (Be)
- Magnesium (Mg)
- Calcium (Ca)
- Strontium (Sr)
- Barium (Ba)
- Radium (Ra)
Other S-Block Element: Helium (He)
Although it is placed in Group 18 with the noble gases due to its complete electron shell, Helium (He) is considered an s-block element because it has two electrons in its 1s orbital.
